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The Leading Edge; March 2004; v. 23; no. 3; p. 252-258; DOI: 10.1190/1.1690898
© 2004 Society of Exploration Geophysicists
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Laboratory petroacoustics for seismic monitoring feasibility study

P. Rasolofosaon and B. Zinszner

Institut Français du Pétrole, Rueil-Malmaison, France

Corresponding author: patrick.rasolofosaon@ifp.fr

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

In order to model the effect of oil or gas production on the seismic response of a reservoir, it is necessary to know how two types of variable parameters impact the rock seismic properties. These are the state of stress of the reservoir and the nature of the saturating fluids.

Laboratory measurements of seismic P- and S-wave velocities and, secondarily, wave attenuation under various conditions of pressure and saturation (petroacoustics) are a great help in understanding the influence of thse parameters on the reservoir. This paper presents the methods used at the Rocks Physics Laboratory of the Institut Français du Pétrole.


   Laboratory methods
 
We begin by describing three measurement techniques.

Acoustic cell
The measuring cell (Figure 1) is a conventional device. The rock sample, diameter 40 mm and length of 40–80 mm, is placed in a Vitton jacket which partially covers two ultrasonic transducer sensing units. We use joint P and S transducers (two half-moon shaped ceramics) giving ultrasonic signals (200–500 kHz) of very good quality. Once equipped, the cell is filled with oil which when pressurized allows a maximum confining pressure (Pconf) of 70 MPa (roughly 10 000 psi). A pump controls the pore pressure (Ppore) inside the sample. The condition Ppore < Pconf must always be observed.


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  		Figure 1. Acoustic cell.

 
Wave velocity measurement and "path dispersion" problem
The simplest method of measuring the ultrasonic wave propagation velocity (V) is first-break picking. But this method is not always relevant when good accuracy is required. For example, if the material is not homogeneous at the wavelength ({lambda}) scale, which is often the case when ultrasounds are used (centimetric {lambda}), effects of scattering known as "path dispersion" (see for example Cadoret et al., 1995) can seriously disturb the measurement. This path dispersion is because a part (generally a minute part) of the acoustic energy takes a faster or . . . [Full Text of this Article]






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